Analysis of cancer genomes through microarrays and next-generation sequencing

The use of microarrays and next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made significant contributions to the understanding of cancer development. These technologies have been used to profile gene expression patterns in cancer cells, identify genomic regulatory elements bound by cancer-relevant transcription factors, and determine the genetic and epigenetic landscape of cancer cells. Importantly, scientists and clinicians have begun to apply these findings to develop personalized medicine by which an individual’s cancer genomic information is used to guide the selection of cancer therapy. In this article, we will review the impact that genomics technologies have had on the cancer field.